Neste estudo no que participa o galego Antonio Salas revelase que os xenes das primixenias poboacions americanas proviñan de 6 únicas mulleres. "The phylogenies of haplogroups A2, B2, C1, and D1 reveal a large number of sub-haplogroups but suggest that the ancestral Beringian population(s) contributed only six (successful) founder haplotypes to these haplogroups"